The Biden administration has introduced new regulations aimed at limiting the presence of “forever chemicals” in the nation’s drinking water. These regulations will cost local water authorities $1.5 billion per year to implement and target perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which are commonly found in nonstick cookware, waterproof fabrics, and firefighting foam.
Water districts will now be required to filter out the PFAS introduced to the water supply from other industries. The EPA believes the regulation will prevent 10,000 deaths and even more illnesses over the long term.
Objective of the Regulation
The regulation mandates water utilities to reduce concentrations of these chemicals to the lowest levels detectable by current technology. This is intended to decrease the exposure of approximately 100 million Americans to these substances, which are linked to various health risks including cancer.
Federal Action on PFAS
For the first time, the federal government has set a maximum allowable level for PFAS in drinking water, recognizing the long-term environmental persistence and toxicity of these substances. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has followed through on proposals to impose stringent limits that were first introduced last year.
Concerns from Water Utilities
Water utilities have voiced concerns regarding the financial impact of the new rules. The necessity for advanced treatment systems is anticipated to significantly increase operational costs, potentially leading to higher water bills for the public.
Broader Environmental Health Initiatives
This regulation is part of a larger effort to improve the safety of drinking water, aligning with other proposals to address contaminants such as lead. The administration emphasizes the significance of these initiatives in ensuring public health.
EPA’s Role and Statements
EPA Administrator Michael Regan highlighted the importance of this regulation in the context of the agency’s broader efforts to combat PFAS pollution. The aim is to address the health impacts associated with PFAS exposure in communities across the United States.
Health Risks of PFAS
PFAS are associated with a range of adverse health outcomes, including developmental issues in infants, liver disease, and various cancers. The chemicals are known for their inability to degrade in the environment. The rule aims to mitigate these risks with an annual implementation cost estimated at around $1.5 billion.
Usage and Phasing Out of PFAS
These substances have been utilized in a wide array of consumer products. Although some types of PFAS are being phased out in the U.S., the regulation requires water providers to address contamination from these and other sources.
Specific Limits on PFAS
The regulation sets specific limits on two common forms of PFAS, PFOA and PFOS, at four parts per trillion and imposes limits on three other types at ten parts per trillion. These measures are in response to the challenges of contamination, particularly noted in places like North Carolina.
Testing and Public Notification
Under the new rules, water utilities must conduct tests for PFAS and inform the public when levels exceed safety thresholds. This requirement aims to maintain transparency and public awareness regarding water quality.
Mixed Reactions to the Regulation
The introduction of the regulation has led to mixed reactions, with some praising the health benefits while utility providers express concerns over the cost and feasibility of compliance, especially for smaller communities.
Economic Impact and Legal Concerns
The financial burden of adhering to these new standards has been a point of contention. Utility groups anticipate significant expenses related to legal challenges and the implementation of water treatment technologies.
Federal Assistance and Implementation Challenges
While recent settlements and infrastructure laws provide some financial support for addressing PFAS contamination, the adequacy of these funds to cover the full scope of necessary actions without undue financial strain on consumers remains a concern.
Looking Ahead
With the implementation of these regulations, the United States takes a step towards addressing the complex issue of PFAS contamination in drinking water. The regulation reflects an effort to balance public health concerns with the economic and practical challenges faced by water providers.
